camelus Latin · revision 33835

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Pomponius|origins=grc κάμηλος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kaˈmeː.ɫʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kaˈmɛː.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''camēlus''' ''m'' (genitive camēlī, feminine camēla); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''camellus''.^(OLD 2012)

+ It is sometimes feminine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|κάμηλος|tr=kámēlos|t=camel]], itself of Semitic origin.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Wiktionary compares [[ar|جَمَل|tr=jamal]] and [[hbo|גָּמָל|tr=gāmāl]].^(Wiktionary) Varro says the camel came to Latium under its Syrian name.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in Pomponius' farces, which spell it ''camellus''.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012) It notes that Sallust had the Romans first see camels in 74 BC, in the war with Mithridates, which Plutarch rightly disputed.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a camel or dromedary, with one hump or two, in Varro, Cicero, Livy, Horace, Pliny the Elder and Tacitus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Livy and Curtius call the swift ones ''dromadēs''.^(OLD 2012) It is sometimes feminine, as in Pliny and the Vulgate, and there is also a feminine ''camēla''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Stelten gives “camel”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|camel]] goes back to Old English, from this Latin word.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, on the camel's Syrian name.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, in the ''De natura deorum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of dromedaries.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|camel]] or [[m|en|dromedary]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[camēla]]

+ * [[camelarius]]

+ * [[camēlīnus]]

+ * [[camēlopardalis]]

+ * [[strūthocamēlus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|camel]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}