laceratio Latin · revision 33829

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *lh₂-n-k-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɫa.kɛˈraː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [la.t͡ʃeˈrat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''lacerātiō''' ''f'' (genitive lacerātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lacerō|-tiō|t1=to tear, mangle]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan takes [[m|la|lacerō]] as made from the adjective [[m|la|lacer|t=torn, mangled]], which goes back to [[itc-pro|*lak(V)-ro-|t=torn, ragged]], from the root of [[ine-pro|*lh₂-n-k-|t=to tear]]; he compares [[grc|λακίς|tr=lakís|t=rent, tatters]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it first in Cicero,^(TLL) who speaks in the ''In Pisonem'' of the mangling of the body.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ After Cicero the TLL records it in Livy, Celsus and Seneca the philosopher, and in verse only in Prudentius.^(TLL) Cicero uses the plural of women tearing their cheeks in the ''Tusculan Disputations''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The Vulgate's Book of Esther has it of tearing the hair.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Medieval Latin it can also be criticism or abuse.^(Niermeyer 1976) English borrowed it as [[m|en|laceration]] in the 1590s, through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of mangling a body and of women tearing their cheeks.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of mangled bodies.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate, of tearing out one's hair.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – Criticism, invective.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ * 1590s – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|laceration]] through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A tearing, [[m|en|mangling]], [[m|en|mutilation]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Criticism, [[m|en|invective]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lacerō]]

+ * [[lacer]]

+ * [[en|laceration]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}