acclamo Latin · revision 33819

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *klh₁-m(o)-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [akˈkɫaː.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [akˈklaː.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''acclāmō''' (present infinitive acclāmāre, perfect active acclāmāvī, supine acclāmātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''adclāmō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|clāmō|t1=to, at|t2=to shout]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) De Vaan takes [[m|la|clāmō]] as a verb made from a lost noun for “shout”, from [[itc-pro|*klām-o/ā-|t=shout, shouting]] and [[ine-pro|*klh₁-m(o)-]], the root of [[m|la|calō#1|t=to call]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first uses are Cicero's, in a hostile sense: in the ''Verrines'' he calls a man the enemy of all who had shouted out against him, and in the ''Brutus'' he says he does not fear that his hearers will cry out at him.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short note that in the time of the Republic it is mostly hostile, a crowd shouting its disapproval, as also in Velleius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) After the Augustan period it is chiefly to shout approval or applaud, as Tacitus has of the people and soldiers acclaiming Otho, and Livy of crowds hailing a man as saviour and liberator.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) With direct speech it is simply to call out, as in Seneca and Suetonius.^(OLD 2012) Stelten glosses it “cry out at, shout, exclaim”.^(Stelten 1995) Etymonline notes that it meant “to claim” in Medieval Latin, and that English [[m|en|acclaim]], from the early 14th century, had that sense first;^(Etymonline) “applaud” is recorded from the 1630s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of shouting against a speaker.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of hailing a man as saviour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of acclaiming Otho.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – To claim.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 14th century – English [[m|en|acclaim]], first “to lay claim to”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To shout at a person; to call out (words).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To raise an outcry against, [[m|en|protest]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To shout approval, [[m|en|applaud]]; to hail as.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' To [[m|en|claim]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[acclāmātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[clāmō]]

+ * [[conclāmō]]

+ * [[dēclāmō]]

+ * [[exclāmō]]

+ * [[inclāmō]]

+ * [[proclāmō]]

+ * [[reclāmō]]

+ * [[en|acclaim]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}