gallinaceus Latin · revision 33810

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la gallus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɡal.liːˈnaː.ke.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ɡal.liˈnaː.t͡ʃe.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''gallīnāceus''' (feminine gallīnācea, neuter gallīnāceum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts often have ''gallīnācius''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|gallīna|-āceus|t1=hen]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|gallīna]] is the feminine of [[m|la|gallus|t=cock]].^(Etymonline)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks the best explanation of [[m|la|gallus]] is the link with a root [[ine-pro|*glH-|t=to call]], the cock as “the caller”, though there are formal difficulties; a naming after the Gauls has nothing to support it.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has ''gallus gallīnāceus'', a farmyard cock, in the ''Aulularia''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the adjective of farmyard poultry, as the ''gallus gallīnāceus'' of Lucilius and Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Petronius' ''lac gallīnāceum'', “hen's milk”, stands for something impossible to get, and Pliny the Elder uses the masculine as a noun for a cockerel.^(OLD 2012) It also names plants: Plautus' ''cunīla gallīnācea'', perhaps wild marjoram, and Pliny's ''pedes gallīnāceī'', a kind of fumitory.^(OLD 2012) Manuscripts often spell it ⟨gallinacius⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) English [[m|en|gallinaceous]] comes from it and dates from 1783.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of a farmyard cock and a plant.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of cocks.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius, of “hen's milk”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of a cockerel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1783 – English [[m|en|gallinaceous]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of the domestic [[m|en|fowl]] or [[m|en|poultry]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''lac gallīnāceum'': something impossible to get.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''cunīla gallīnācea'': a plant, perhaps wild [[m|en|marjoram]];^(OLD 2012) ''pedes gallīnāceī'': a kind of [[m|en|fumitory]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|cockerel]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[gallīna]]

+ * [[gallus]]

+ * [[en|gallinaceous]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}