podagra Latin · revision 33801

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=grc ποδάγρα}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''podagra''' ''f'' (genitive podagrae); first declension^(OLD 2012)

+ Manuscripts and glosses also have ''potagra''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ποδάγρα|tr=podágra|t=gout in the feet]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Köbler glosses the Greek word also “foot trap” and connects it with [[m|grc|πούς|tr=poús|t=foot]] and a root meaning “hunt”.^(Köbler 2010) A late writer quoted in the TLL says the Greeks named it from the hindering or holding fast of the feet or from the cruel pain, and Isidore takes this over.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it in prose from Cicero, and Catullus has it in verse.^(TLL) Cicero speaks in the ''Tusculan Disputations'' of being racked by the pains of gout.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is gout in the feet, and also the part affected.^(OLD 2012) Virgil uses it of a similar disease of flocks.^(OLD 2012) Ovid calls gout knotty, Juvenal speaks of a rich man's gout, and Celsus has the plural.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL notes that it is commonest in Pliny the Elder, more than 70 times, and in the medical writers, mostly in the plural, and that glosses explain it as a swelling or pain of the feet.^(TLL) It has Romance descendants.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of the pains of gout.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus, in verse.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of a disease of flocks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, often.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|gout|alt=Gout]] in the feet, a rheumatic disease of the feet; the part affected.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A similar disease in animals and birds.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[podagricus]]

+ * [[podagrōsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}