caesaries Latin · revision 33764

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kae̯ˈsa.ri.eːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [t͡ʃeˈs̬aː.ri.es]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''caesariēs''' ''f'' (genitive caesariēī); fifth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Only the nominative, accusative and ablative singular appear to be used.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan thinks it was probably formed on an r-stem ⟨*caesar⟩, which might be the same as the name [[m|la|Caesar]]; the ⟨s⟩ inside the word was kept because of the ⟨r⟩ in the next syllable.^(de Vaan 2008) He rejects Pinault's derivation from ⟨*kaikro-kseh₂-es-⟩ “having a combing of the hair”.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD and the TLL compare [[sa|केसर|tr=késara|t=hair, mane]], and Wiktionary gives the traditional reconstruction [[ine-pro|*kéysero-|t=combed hair]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) Ancient grammarians derived it from [[m|la|caedō|t=to cut]], so that it would be used only of men; the TLL notes that this is wrong.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it first,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) in the ''Miles Gloriosus'': ''vide caesaries quam decet'', “see how well his hair becomes him”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is long, flowing or luxuriant hair, mostly in poetry and only in the singular.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short add that it was dark hair, beautiful to Roman taste.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is used most often of men, as Virgil's mother who breathed beauty into her son's hair, but also of women in Catullus, Virgil and Ovid.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Livy has it in prose of uncut hair.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid uses it once of a beard, and Grattius of a dog's coat.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Valerius Flaccus calls the plume of a helmet its ''caesaries''.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin has “head of hair”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of a man's fine hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus, of a woman's hair.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of hair made beautiful by a mother.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of long uncut hair.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Long, flowing, luxuriant [[m|en|hair]], a head of hair.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(rare)'' The hair of the beard; a dog's coat.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The [[m|en|plume]] of a helmet.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[caesariātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[coma]]

+ * [[capillus]]

+ * [[crīnis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}