epigramma Latin · revision 33758

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=grc ἐπίγραμμα}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛ.pɪˈɡram.ma]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [e.piˈɡram.ma]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''epigramma''' ''n'' (genitive epigrammatis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Genitive ''epigrammatis'' or ''epigrammatos''; genitive plural ''epigrammatōn'' or ''epigrammatum''; dative and ablative plural ''epigrammatīs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ἐπίγραμμα|tr=epígramma|t=inscription]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) from [[m|grc|ἐπί|tr=epí|t=on]] and [[m|grc|γράμμα|tr=grámma|t=letter]].^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero has it first,^(Köbler 2010) of a famous Greek inscription carved on the base of a statue in the speeches against Verres.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is an inscription, especially an epitaph: Nepos has one on an offering and Petronius on tombstones.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) Petronius also uses it of the brand of runaways traced across a face.^(OLD 2012) Cicero, in the ''Pro Archia'', tells of a bad poet who wrote an epigram in alternating longer lines; from this it is the short poem, as in Quintilian, Suetonius and above all Martial's books of ''Epigrammata''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) English [[m|en|epigram]] came from it in the mid-15th century through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of an inscription on a statue base and of a short poem.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos, of an inscription on an offering.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 66 AD – Petronius, of a brand traced on a face.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial's ''Epigrammata''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-15th century – English [[m|en|epigram]], through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|inscription]], especially an [[m|en|epitaph]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A mark branded or tattooed on a criminal or runaway.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A short poem, an [[m|en|epigram]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[epigrammatarius]]

+ * [[epigrammaticus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[titulus]]

+ * [[inscrīptiō]]

+ * [[en|epigram]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}