halitus Latin · revision 33750

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *h₂enh₁-slo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈha.lɪ.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈaː.li.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''hālitus''' ''m'' (genitive hālitūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''alitus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|hālō|t=to breathe, exhale]] with the suffix ⟨-tus⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan reports Schrijver's view that [[m|la|hālō]] is an early verb from a noun [[itc-pro|*anaslo-|t=breath]], from [[ine-pro|*h₂enh₁-slo-|t=a breathing]], with the ⟨h-⟩ added as an imitative element or by hypercorrection; he compares [[sa|अनिति|tr=ániti|t=to breathe]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucretius has it first,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) of mists and heat pressed out of the earth like an exhalation.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is any exhalation or vapour, and the breath one breathes: Cicero, in verse, has the Nemean lion breathing out its last breath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Persius has heavy breath rising from a sick throat, and Wiktionary gives “bad breath”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Columella uses it of the blowing of the north winds, which shepherds should watch so as to graze the flock against the wind.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin has “breath, exhalation”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of vapours from the earth.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of a lion's last breath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella, of the north winds.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 34–62 AD – Persius, of the breath of the sick.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|exhalation]], [[m|en|vapour]], steam.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|breath|alt=Breath]]; bad breath.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # The blowing of a wind.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[hālō]]

+ * [[exhālō]]

+ * [[anima]]

+ * [[spīritus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}