duodeni Latin · revision 33723

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la duodecim}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''duodēnī''' ''m pl'' (feminine ''duodēnae'', neuter ''duodēna''; genitive ''duodēnum''); first/second-declension numeral^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ An inscription has ''duodinos''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the distributive of [[m|la|duodecim|t=twelve]], formed after [[m|la|dēnī|t=ten each]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cato.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means twelve each or twelve at a time: Caesar has wives shared by groups of ten and twelve and a double ditch twelve feet wide each, and Cicero twelve iugera allotted to each man.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In poetry it is simply twelve, as Virgil's twelve stars.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In the letters of Pliny and Trajan ''duodēnīs assibus'' is interest at twelve per cent.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The neuter used as a noun is a set of twelve.^(OLD 2012) The singular ''duodēnus'' means twelvefold, as Apuleius' twelvefold labour of Hercules, or twelfth.^(Georges 1913)^(OLD 2012) Church Latin has “twelve each”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato has the word.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of twelve iugera each.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar, of a ditch twelve feet wide.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of twelve stars.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius has the singular, “twelvefold”.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # [[m|en|twelve|alt=Twelve]] each, twelve at a time.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(poetic)'' Twelve.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(neuter as noun)'' A group of twelve.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(singular)'' [[m|en|twelvefold|alt=Twelvefold]]; twelfth.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[duodēnārius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[duodecim]]

+ * [[dēnī]]

+ * [[duodecimus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}