pensito Latin · revision 33714

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la pendō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈpẽː.sɪ.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈpɛn.si.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pēnsitō''' (present infinitive pēnsitāre, perfect active pēnsitāvī, supine pēnsitātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|pēnsō|-itō|t1=to weigh]], a frequentative.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) Gellius lists it among the frequentatives and derives it through the participle [[m|la|pēnsus]] from [[m|la|pendō|t=to weigh out, pay]].^(TLL) De Vaan traces that verb to [[itc-pro|*pend-e/o-|t=to hang]]; the sense went from hanging up to weighing out and paying.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it three times in Cicero,^(TLL) who uses it of paying taxes: the peoples who pay us revenues.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Cicero it is to pay, and of money to bring in interest.^(OLD 2012) An inscription has it of weighing in scales, of the Syrian goddess weighing life and rights,^(OLD 2012) and Pliny the Elder of weighing a life in an even balance.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Its commonest sense is to weigh in the mind, ponder:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy has plans that great minds must weigh, Suetonius Augustus pondering most carefully, and Tacitus Tiberius long considering whether to act.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Gellius uses it for comparing.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL finds it a little more often from the 2nd century AD.^(TLL) Church Latin has pay, weigh, compensate and ponder.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of paying taxes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of pondering plans.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of Tiberius pondering.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius, of comparing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|weigh]] in scales.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|pay]] (taxes); of money, to bring in.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To weigh in the mind, [[m|en|ponder]], consider; to compare.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[pēnsitātiō]]

+ * [[pensitātor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pēnsō]]

+ * [[pendō]]

+ * [[pēnsus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}