adiudico Latin · revision 33706

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la iūdex}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [adˈjuː.dɪ.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [adˈjuː.di.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''adiūdicō''' (present infinitive adiūdicāre, perfect active adiūdicāvī, supine adiūdicātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ An inscription has ''adiovdico''.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ A tragic fragment quoted in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' has the infinitive ''adiūdicārier''.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ad-|iūdicō|t2=to judge]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) from [[m|la|iūdex|t=judge]], for which de Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*jowes-dik-|t=judge]], built on the word that became [[m|la|iūs#2|t=law]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus uses it jokingly in the ''Menaechmi'', “decide which of the two you will spend this night with”.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a technical term, to award something as judge, especially in dividing an inheritance or fixing boundaries, and is not often used of other things.^(TLL) A law on an inscription speaks of land that may be awarded;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero has lands that Scipio Africanus awarded to the Roman people, a house awarded to himself, and a woman adjudged as a slave to Venus;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Caesar has a magistracy awarded to Convictolitavis, and Livy a judge who awards disputed property to himself.^(OLD 2012) With ''causam'' and a dative it is to decide a case in someone's favour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Horace uses it of awarding to Italian arms whatever is still lacking.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) More widely it is to ascribe: Cicero writes that the senate credited him with saving the empire, and Pliny the Elder has the man who first judged Lucrine oysters the best.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) Ambrose has adjudging a person to death.^(Georges 1913) Church Latin has “judge, sentence”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|adjudge]] (late 14th century) came through Old French, and [[m|en|adjudicate]] (1700) from the participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, jokingly, “decide”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of lands and a house awarded.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar, of a magistracy awarded.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 340–397 AD – Ambrose, of adjudging to death.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|adjudge]], through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|award]] as judge, [[m|en|adjudge]], assign;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) ''causam alicui adiūdicāre'', to decide a case in someone's favour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|ascribe]], attribute.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' To condemn, sentence.^(Georges 1913)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adiūdicātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abiūdicō]]

+ * [[dīiūdicō]]

+ * [[iūdicō]]

+ * [[praeiūdicō]]

+ * [[iūdex]]

+ * [[en|adjudge]]

+ * [[en|adjudicate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}