condensus Latin · revision 33705

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=ine-pro *d(ē̆)ns-o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔnˈdẽː.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [konˈdɛn.sus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''condēnsus''' (feminine condēnsa, neuter condēnsum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|con-|dēnsus|t2=thick, dense]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|dēnsus]] to [[ine-pro|*d(ē̆)ns-o-|t=thick]], cognate with [[grc|δασύς|tr=dasús|t=hairy, thick with leaves]], and dates the compound from Lucretius.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lucretius has it first and most often,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) of the like parts that fill out a body in a close-packed column, and of clouds that cannot be of so dense a body.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The TLL counts seven instances in Lucretius, one in the ''Bellum Africum'', two each in Virgil and Livy, three in Pliny the Elder and later ones,^(TLL) and Lewis & Short note that it is mostly poetic and absent from Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is thick or dense, as the ''Bellum Africum'' has an old olive grove thick with trees, Livy a close battle line and a valley thick with trees, and Pliny a leafy tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Of many people or things it is crowded together: Virgil has ships crowded on the shore and doves huddled together, and the ''Bellum Africum'' foot soldiers running out from close-packed squadrons.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Apuleius uses it of the crowded strokes of a strange script.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin has “leafy, thickly covered”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of close-packed atoms and clouds.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of ships crowded on the shore.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of a close battle line.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of a leafy tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Closely packed, [[m|en|thick]], [[m|en|dense]]; thickly covered.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of people or things, crowded, packed together.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of packing, close, coherent.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' [[m|en|leafy|alt=Leafy]].^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[condēnsātiō]]

+ * [[condēnsō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dēnsus]]

+ * [[dēnseō]]

+ * [[dēnsō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}