sagina Latin · revision 33696

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [saˈɡiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [saˈd͡ʒiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sagīna''' ''f'' (genitive sagīnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is unknown.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Wiktionary mentions a possible link with [[ine-pro|*seh₂-|t=to satisfy]], the source of [[gem-pro|*sadaz|t=full]].^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short and Georges compared [[grc|σάττω|tr=sáttō|t=to stuff full, cram]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) in whom day and night there is eating and drinking and no one saves: ''sagina plane est'', “it is sheer fattening”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is the cramming or fattening of animals: Varro writes on the fattening of geese, and Columella and Pliny the Elder on that of hens and snails.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Applied to people it is feeding or feasting: Cicero speaks of a man who held the crowd not by authority but by feeding it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) It also names the food itself: Varro calls the small fish fed to larger ones ''sagina viva'', “live fodder”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) A special use is the rich diet of gladiators and athletes;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Tacitus has ''gladiatoria sagina'', and Propertius a man who sold his life for the unclean gladiators' fare.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Plautus uses it of a fatted animal,^(Georges 1913) and Seneca of fatness and corpulence.^(OLD 2012) Quintilian speaks figuratively of a kind of nourishment for oratory.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Church Latin it is food, fodder, nourishment and corpulence,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval documents it names the season for fattening pigs on acorns and the right of pannage.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of feasting and of a fatted animal.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of fattening geese and of live fish used as feed.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of feeding the crowd.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius, of the gladiators' diet.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca, of corpulence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – The pig-fattening season and the right of pannage.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|fattening]] or cramming of animals;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) of people, feeding, feasting.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Food used for fattening, [[m|en|fodder]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) especially the rich diet of [[m|en|gladiator|alt=gladiators]] and athletes.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A fatted animal.^(Georges 1913)

+ # Fatness, [[m|en|corpulence]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The season for fattening pigs on acorns; the right of [[m|en|pannage]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sagīnārium]]

+ * [[sagīnō]]

+ * [[sagīnātiō]]

+ * [[sagīnātus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}