utiliter Latin · revision 33680

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=itc-pro *oit-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ūtiliter''' (comparative ūtilius, superlative ūtilissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+ The comparative is ''ūtilius'', the superlative ''ūtilissimē''.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ūtilis|-ter|t1=useful]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) [[m|la|ūtilis]] comes from [[m|la|ūtor|t=to use]],^(de Vaan 2008) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*oit-e/o-|t=to use]]; he finds attractive the view that it first meant “to fetch for oneself” and is cognate with [[grc|οἴσω|tr=oísō|t=I will fetch]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who says that something was usefully given by nature.^(Georges 1913) Varro has Diophanes usefully reducing a set of books to six.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means usefully or profitably, so as to bring advantage:^(OLD 2012) Horace has serving usefully, Celsus remedies given with benefit, and Tacitus has ''utiliter in publicum'', to the public advantage.^(Georges 1913) Ovid uses the comparative, Quintilian and Columella the superlative.^(Georges 1913) Apuleius apparently uses it for “in one's own interest”.^(OLD 2012) In the jurists it is a technical term, validly or effectively, and with regard for practical considerations.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of reducing books to a useful number.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus, of remedies.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 212 AD – The jurists, “validly”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|usefully|alt=Usefully]], [[m|en|profitably]], with advantage.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Wiktionary)

+ # For one's own advantage.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' [[m|en|validly|alt=Validly]], effectively;^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) with regard for practical considerations.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ūtilis]]

+ * [[ūtilitās]]

+ * [[ūtor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}