flagrum Latin · revision 33668

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *flagro-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈfɫa.ɡrũː], [ˈfɫaɡ.rũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈflaː.ɡrum], [ˈflaɡ.rum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''flagrum''' ''n'' (genitive flagrī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*flagro-|t=whip]], perhaps [[inh|ine-pro|*bhlHg-ro-]].^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan connects it with [[m|la|flāgitō|t=to demand]], an iterative of an unattested verb meaning “to whip as a punishment”, whence “to scold”; he compares [[non|blak|t=a blow]] and [[lt|blokšti|t=to swing back and forth]], but calls these cognates uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has a threat to make someone hot with lashes, ''faciam ferventem flagris''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a whip or lash used for punishment, and also a stroke of the whip or a flogging.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus has “I'll fill you with lashes”, and calls a slave a ''gymnasium flagrī'', a training ground for the whip;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Titinius has slaves whose skin is cut up by the lash.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Livy, Suetonius and Juvenal use it, and Juvenal speaks of a man who led the conquered Romans to his whips, that is, to servitude.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler records it in medieval texts from the 8th–9th century.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of threats of the lash.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal, of servitude.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|whip]], [[m|en|scourge]], [[m|en|lash]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A stroke of the whip; a [[m|en|flogging]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[flagellum]]

+ * [[flagrifer]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[flāgitō]]

+ * [[flāgitium]]

+ * [[flagritriba]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}