excursus Latin · revision 33664

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 50 BC, Caesar|origins=ine-pro *krs-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈskʊr.sʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ekˈskur.sus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''excursus''' ''m'' (genitive excursūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|excurrō|-tus|t1=to run out]], a fourth-declension noun of action.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|excurrō]] is a compound of [[m|la|ex-]] and [[m|la|currō|t=to run]],^(de Vaan 2008) which de Vaan traces to [[itc-pro|*korse/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*krs-e/o-|t=to run]].^(de Vaan 2008) He compares [[sga|carr|t=vehicle]] and [[grc|ἐπίκουρος|tr=epíkouros|t=helper]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it once each in Caesar and Virgil,^(TLL) Caesar of soldiers' first charge being broken.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it from Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who has bees trying short excursions.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a military raid, sortie or sally, and more generally a going out or an expedition.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It becomes more frequent from Columella and Pliny the Elder on.^(TLL) Lewis & Short note that it is rare and not found in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Seneca uses it of an outward movement of light, and Pliny the Younger of the outflow of water.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) A declamation ascribed to Quintilian has the escapades of youth.^(OLD 2012) In Quintilian it is a digression in a speech,^(OLD 2012) and in Pliny the Elder a projecting part of the Pyrenees.^(OLD 2012) In medieval texts it is the development of a discussion, a sally-port, and a district dominated by a castle.^(Niermeyer 1976) Church Latin has it as a running out, passage.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar, of a charge of soldiers.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of bees' short flights.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of a projecting mountain.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian, of a digression.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(military)'' A [[m|en|raid]], [[m|en|sortie]], sally.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A going out, an [[m|en|excursion]], expedition;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) an outflow; an escapade.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|digression]].^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # A projection of land.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|sally port|alt=sally-port]]; a castle district.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[excursiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[excurrō]]

+ * [[currō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Excursus, -a, -um'' is also the participle of [[excurrō]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}