alienatio Latin · revision 33658

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *h₂el-io-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [a.li.ɛˈna.ti.ɔ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [a.li.eˈnat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aliēnātiō''' ''f'' (genitive aliēnātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|aliēnō|-tiō|t1=to transfer, estrange]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) [[m|la|aliēnō]] is formed from [[m|la|aliēnus|t=belonging to another]], which de Vaan derives from [[m|la|alius|t=other]], though he finds its suffix unclear;^(de Vaan 2008) he traces [[m|la|alius]] to [[itc-pro|*al-jo-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂el-io-|t=another]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ἄλλος|tr=állos|t=other]] and [[sga|aile|t=other]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL finds it in use from Cicero's time,^(TLL) and Köbler dates it from Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who has the estrangement of the consuls, ''aliēnātiō cōnsulum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In law it is the transfer of ownership of property or rights to another, a sense the TLL finds most often in the jurists;^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Cicero speaks of the transfer of a family's sacred rites to another family.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means estrangement or alienation of feeling: Cicero tells an opponent that his estrangement from Cicero will recommend him to wicked citizens, and Caesar contrasts the alienation of an army with its goodwill.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In medicine, as the TLL notes, it is a loss of feeling, as in Seneca's pain turning into numbness and sleep, and ''aliēnātiō mentis'' is madness or delirium in Celsus.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin has it as alienation, transfer from one to another.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|alienation]] meant estrangement from the late 14th century and the transfer of property from the early 15th.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of estrangement and of a transfer of rites.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar, of the alienation of an army.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus, ''aliēnātiō mentis'', madness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|alienation]], estrangement.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(law)'' A transfer of [[m|en|ownership]], [[m|en|alienation]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) the right to transfer ownership.^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|estrangement|alt=Estrangement]], aversion, hostility.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(medicine)'' Numbness, [[m|en|stupor]];^(OLD 2012) ''aliēnātiō mentis'', madness, [[m|en|delirium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aliēnō]]

+ * [[aliēnus]]

+ * [[alius]]

+ * [[en|alienation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}