derivo Latin · revision 33649

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃riH-uo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [deːˈriː.woː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [deˈriː.vo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dērīvō''' (present infinitive dērīvāre, perfect active dērīvāvī, supine dērīvātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts often spell it ''dīrīvō''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|dē-]] and [[m|la|rīvus|t=stream]] with the verbal suffix ⟨-ō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|rīvus]] to [[itc-pro|*rīwo-|t=stream]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃riH-uo-|t=whirling]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|रीयते|tr=rī́yate|t=to flow, whirl]] and [[grc|ὀρίνω|tr=orī́nō|t=to whirl, stir]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it of drawing water off from a river, ''de fluvio aquam'';^(Lewis & Short 1879) Titinius speaks of someone who would divert the Tiber and enrich the land of Setia.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to draw or lead off water, to divert a river:^(OLD 2012) Caesar has water drawn off from a river, and Seneca rivers led into houses.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to derive or draw from a source, as in Horace's disaster that flowed into the fatherland from this source,^(OLD 2012) and to turn aside or divert, as in Cicero's ''dērīvandī crīminis causā'', to divert the charge.^(OLD 2012) In grammar Quintilian uses it of forming derivatives, such as ''vēlōx'' from ''vēlōcitās''.^(OLD 2012) Late Latin also used it in the sense “to derive”.^(Etymonline) Church Latin has it as to convey, divert or distribute.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|derive]] (late 14th century) comes from it through Old French ''deriver''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of drawing water from a river.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * end of the 2nd/beginning of the 1st century BC – Titinius, of diverting the Tiber.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of diverting a charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian, of forming derivative words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|derive]], through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To draw or lead off water, to [[m|en|divert]] a river.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|derive]] or draw from a source.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To turn aside, divert attention or a charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(grammar)'' To form derivatives.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rīvus]]

+ * [[dērīvātiō]]

+ * [[en|derive]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}