conservus Latin · revision 33646

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ser-u-o-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnservus''' ''m'' (genitive cōnservī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Inscriptions have ''coservus'', ''conserbus'' and ''quoservus''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ Titinius has the genitive plural ''cōnservum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ The feminine is ''cōnserva''.^(TLL)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|con-|t=with]] and [[m|la|servus|t=slave]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|servus]] to [[itc-pro|*serwo-|t=shepherd]] and [[ine-pro|*ser-u-o-|t=guardian]]; following Rix, the original sense “guard, shepherd” would have become “slave” in Italy between about 700 and 450 BC.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who uses it in the ''Captivi'' and the ''Miles gloriosus''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a fellow slave, a companion in servitude,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) in Plautus, Terence, Cicero, Horace, Tacitus and the Digest.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Church Latin it is a fellow servant,^(Stelten 1995) and in medieval Latin a serf of the same lord.^(Niermeyer 1976) Etymonline mentions a possible Vulgar Latin ''*conservius'' from it as the source of French [[m|fr|concierge]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – A serf of the same lord.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A fellow [[m|en|slave]], a companion in [[m|en|servitude]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A fellow [[m|en|servant]].^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|serf]] of the same lord.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[servus]]

+ * [[cōnservitium]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}