philosophor Latin · revision 33627

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la philosophus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pʰɪˈɫɔ.sɔ.pʰɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [fiˈlɔː.s̬o.for]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''philosophor''' (present infinitive philosophārī, perfect active philosophātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts also spell it ''filosofor''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|philosophus|-or|t1=philosopher]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The TLL compares [[m|grc|φιλοσοφέω|tr=philosophéō|t=to philosophize]].^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Plautus,^(OLD 2012) where someone remarks that a man is now philosophizing too, not only lying, ''philosophatur quoque iam, non mendax modo est''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Plautus it means to philosophize in the comic sense, to utter sententious reflections, to moralize:^(OLD 2012) in the ''Pseudolus'' someone says “I'm saved, now he's philosophizing”.^(OLD 2012) Ennius, quoted by Cicero, has the line ''philosophari est mihi necesse, at paucis'', “I must philosophize, but in few words”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Cicero and later it is to study or apply oneself to philosophy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Priscian discusses it among deponent verbs,^(TLL) and Lactantius and Church Latin use it of philosophizing.^(TLL)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of moralizing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius, “I must philosophize, but in few words”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of studying philosophy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To study or apply oneself to [[m|en|philosophy]], to [[m|en|philosophize]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To utter sententious reflections, to [[m|en|moralize]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[philosophus]]

+ * [[philosophia]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}