renuo Latin · revision 33622

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *neu-e/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈrɛ.nu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈrɛː.nu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''renuō''' (present infinitive renuere, perfect active renuī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''rennuō''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|re-|t=back]] and the verb ⟨-nuō⟩ “to nod”, found only in compounds such as [[m|la|abnuō]];^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008) the OLD connects it with [[m|la|nūtō|t=to nod]].^(OLD 2012) De Vaan traces ⟨-nuō⟩ to [[itc-pro|*nowe/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*neu-e/o-|t=to nod]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|νεύω|tr=neúō|t=to nod, beckon]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cicero has it transitively of a man who refused no dinner party, ''qui nullum convivium renuerit'';^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short note that it is rare before the Augustan period.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is to throw back the head as a sign of disapproval or refusal, as in Horace's “the Sabine shakes his head and denies it”.^(OLD 2012) It then means to refuse or disapprove, as when Tibullus imagined a happy life while the god refused it,^(OLD 2012) and transitively to refuse or decline something.^(OLD 2012) Tacitus has ''renuit Tiberius'', “Tiberius declined”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Church Latin it is to refuse, to deny by a motion of the head, to reject or decline.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of refusing a dinner party.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 55–19/18 BC – Tibullus, of a god refusing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, of shaking the head in denial.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of Tiberius declining.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To throw back the head in refusal or dissent, to [[m|en|nod]] a denial.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|refuse]], [[m|en|disapprove]], deny.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To refuse, [[m|en|decline]], reject something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[renūtus]]

+ * [[renūtō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abnuō]]

+ * [[adnuō]]

+ * [[nūtō]]

+ * [[nūmen]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}