stipator Latin · revision 33581

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=116–27 BC, Varro|origins=ine-pro *steip-o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [stiːˈpaː.tɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [stiˈpaː.tor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''stīpātor''' ''m'' (genitive stīpātōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|stīpō|-tor|t1=to crowd, press together]].^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|stīpō]] to [[itc-pro|*stei/īpo-]] and [[ine-pro|*steip-o-|t=stiff, erect]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[lt|stìpti|t=to stiffen]] and [[ang|stīf|t=stiff]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Varro and Köbler from Cicero.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Varro explains ''latrōnēs'' as those who were at the king's side, ''ab latere'', and were later called ''stīpātōrēs''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is one of the train surrounding a king or a powerful man, a bodyguard or close attendant, mostly in the plural.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short note that the Romans used it in a bad sense, like [[satelles]].^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein distinguishes ''satelles'', a hired attendant, from ''stīpātor'', a guard, quoting Cicero's speech on the agrarian law, where two hundred men are appointed as bodyguards, ''stipatores corporis'', who are also the agents and attendants of power.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, on the name of the king's attendants.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of bodyguards.^(Döderlein 1874)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|attendant]] of a king or great man; in the plural, a [[m|en|retinue]], [[m|en|bodyguard]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stīpō]]

+ * [[stīpātiō]]

+ * [[satelles]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}