nardus Latin · revision 33561

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc νάρδος}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈnar.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈnar.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nardus''' ''f'' (genitive nardī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ A neuter ''nardum'' is used beside it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|νάρδος|tr=nárdos]].^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(Wiktionary) Köbler takes the Greek word to be a loan from a Semitic language and compares [[sa|नलद|tr=nálada-|t=nard]];^(Köbler 2010) Etymonline traces it ultimately to Sanskrit.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it from Plautus.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's earliest quotations are Lucretius, of the flower of nard that breathes nectar to the nostrils, and Varro's ''Menippean Satires'', of fops glossy with nard oil.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It names the aromatic plant nard,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and by transfer the costly oil or balsam made from it: Horace asks why we do not drink anointed with Assyrian nard, and Tibullus has temples dripping with it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder mentions a Gallic nard.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) In Church Latin ''nardum spicatum'' is spikenard.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, the first author Köbler records.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of the flower of nard.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, of Assyrian nard used as an ointment.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English takes [[m|en|nard]] from Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|nard|alt=Nard]], an aromatic plant.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Nard oil, an aromatic [[m|en|balsam]] made from it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|nard]]

+ * [[en|spikenard]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}