incompositus Latin · revision 33549

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la pōnō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''incompositus''' (feminine incomposita, neuter incompositum, adverb incompositē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inconpositus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|compositus|t1=not|t2=put together, orderly]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The adjective is the perfect participle of [[m|la|compōnō|t=to put together]], a compound of [[m|la|com-]] and [[m|la|pōnō|t=to put]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL records it from Virgil, Horace and Livy on.^(TLL) In the ''Georgics'' a countryman, his temples wreathed in oak, makes clumsy movements in honour of Ceres: ''det motus incompositos''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main sense is badly put together or ill arranged, and above all of speech and verse:^(OLD 2012) Horace says Lucilius' verses run on an irregular foot, and Quintilian calls Aeschylus rough and unpolished in most things.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Seneca uses it in a good sense: a speech devoted to truth should be artless and simple.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Of troops it means not in formation, as in Livy's column marching in disorder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Younger has a gymnasium that is badly laid out.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In later Latin it also meant not compound, simple, as in Ambrose and Boethius.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Niermeyer 1976) Medieval Latin used it for what is imperfect or unfinished and for undisciplined or dissolute people,^(Niermeyer 1976) and in the laws for a person for whose death no wergild is paid.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of clumsy dance movements.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, of Lucilius' irregular verse.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy, of a column of troops out of formation.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian, of rough and unpolished style.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 769–813 – Frankish capitularies use it.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Badly put together, ill arranged, [[m|en|irregular]], especially of speech or writing.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of movements: [[m|en|clumsy]], awkward.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Unaffected, artless.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Of troops: not in formation, [[m|en|disorderly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' Not compound, simple.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Imperfect, unfinished; of persons, undisciplined.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin, law)'' Of a person for whose death no [[m|en|wergild]] is paid.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[compositus]]

+ * [[compōnō]]

+ * [[incōnditus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The adverb ''incompositē'', without order, is used by Livy and of speech by Quintilian.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}