bubulcus Latin · revision 33543

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=ine-pro *gʷṓws}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [bʊˈbʊɫ.kʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [buˈbul.kus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''bubulcus''' ''m'' (genitive bubulcī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|bōs|t=ox]], formed after [[m|la|subulcus|t=swineherd]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary calls the ending ⟨-bulcus⟩ “herd” and thinks the word likely shaped on the analogy of [[m|la|subulcus]].^(Wiktionary) The OLD compares the second element of that word with [[grc|φυλακός|tr=phulakós|t=guard]].^(OLD 2012) The noun for ox goes back to [[ine-pro|*gʷṓws|t=cow]], its initial ⟨b⟩ probably from a Sabellic dialect.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Cato;^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) Georges also cites Lucilius and Cato's book on farming.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a man who drives or tends oxen, especially a ploughman or teamster,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and so it is most frequent in the writers on farming, who distinguish him from the herdsman.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It was sometimes used for any farm labourer or rustic.^(OLD 2012) Varro, Cicero and Columella use it, and Juvenal and Ovid name the ploughman.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In the Digest it is a herdsman in general.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In medieval Latin it was an oxherd,^(DMLBS) and in British sources occasionally a swineherd.^(DMLBS) In Ælfric's ''Colloquy'', where it is glossed by Old English ''oxanhyrde'', the oxherd says he leads the oxen to pasture when the ploughman unyokes them.^(DMLBS) It is also a Roman cognomen of the Junii.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato, in his book on farming.^(Georges 1913)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of the ploughman.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella, of the ploughman.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A man who drives or tends oxen, an [[m|en|ox-driver]], [[m|en|ploughman]], teamster.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A farm labourer, [[m|en|rustic]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' A herdsman, [[m|en|cowherd]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An oxherd; rarely a [[m|en|swineherd]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bubulcitō]]

+ * [[bubulcārius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bōs]]

+ * [[bovīnus]]

+ * [[būbīle]]

+ * [[subulcus]]

+ * [[būbulus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Bubulcus'' was the cognomen of several men of the Junian family;^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Pliny the Elder says it was given to one who handled oxen very well.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}