grabatus Latin · revision 33541

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 180–102 BC, Lucilius}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''grabātus''' ''m'' (genitive grabātī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''grabattus'' is commoner in later writers, and ''crabatus'' is also found.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ A neuter ''grabatum'' (''grabattum'') also occurs, as in Caelius Aurelianus.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|κράβατος|tr=krábatos]], also written with ⟨ττ⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Saalfeld 1874)^(TLL) Lewis & Short call the Greek word Macedonian.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and Georges cite it first from Lucilius.^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913) The TLL doubts an earlier reading in Varro, and finds it in the better writers in Cicero, Catullus, the ''Moretum'', Petronius and Martial.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a low bed or couch, usually a poor or wretched one: a pallet or camp bed.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Georges describes it as a low bed used by the sick and by students, and above all as the furniture of poor people.^(Georges 1913) Seneca and Martial use it, and in the Digest one is covered with gilded silver.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Later writers mostly spell it ''grabattus'', as Apuleius, Tertullian and the old Latin Bible.^(TLL) The Vulgate uses it of the bed on which a sick person is carried, a stretcher,^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and medieval Latin of a bier.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it.^(TLL)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial, of a poor man's bed.^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate, of a sick person's stretcher.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A low, usually mean bed or couch; a [[m|en|pallet]], [[m|en|camp bed]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Vulgate)'' A [[m|en|stretcher]] for the sick.^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|bier]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lectus]]

+ * [[cubīle]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Isidore calls the word Greek.^(TLL) French borrowed the word as [[m|fr|grabat]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}