praesagium Latin · revision 33528

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=43 BC–18 AD, Ovid|origins=la praesāgiō}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praesāgium''' ''n'' (genitive praesāgiī or praesāgī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[der|la|praesāgiō|t=to have a presentiment]] according to the TLL;^(TLL) the OLD derives it from the adjective [[m|la|praesāgus|t=foreboding]] with [[m|la|-ium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan notes that ⟨praesāgīre⟩ is recorded earlier than ⟨sāgīre⟩ “to perceive” and the adjective [[m|la|sāgus|t=prophetic]], which may be back-formations from it, and he traces the verb to [[itc-pro|*sāg-ije/o-|t=to seek, perceive]] and the root [[ine-pro|*seh₂g-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|saigid|t=to try to reach]], [[hit|šāgāi-|t=omen]], [[grc|ἡγέομαι|tr=hēgéomai|t=to lead]] and [[en|seek]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Ovid,^(Köbler 2010) who has ''ne sperne meae praesagia linguae'', “do not scorn the forewarnings of my tongue”.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It means both an inner foreboding, as in Ovid's ''praesāgia mentis'', and an outward sign or prediction of what is coming:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Tacitus writes of a girl already dead with the presentiment of evils,^(Lewis & Short 1879) Columella of the signs of a coming storm,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Pliny the Elder of animals' power to sense winds, rain and storms in advance.^(Conte 2010) Seneca the Elder uses it of forebodings and dreams.^(OLD 2012) Medieval writers in Britain, from Bede on, used it of forebodings, prophecies and portents.^(DMLBS) English ''presage'' (late 14th century) and Italian ''presagio'' come from it.^(Etymonline)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of forebodings and predictions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of the signs of a storm.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a presentiment of evil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st third of the 8th century – Bede uses it of a bishop's dire forebodings.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|presage]] is formed from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|presentiment]], [[m|en|foreboding]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A forewarning, [[m|en|presage]], [[m|en|portent]]; a prediction.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Foreknowledge, prophecy; [[m|en|divination]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[praesāgiō]]

+ * [[praesāgus]]

+ * [[sāgus]]

+ * [[sagāx]]

+ * [[en|presage]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}