arboreus Latin · revision 33526

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=ine-pro *h₃rdʰ-ōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [arˈbɔ.re.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [arˈbɔː.re.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''arboreus''' (feminine arborea, neuter arboreum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Varro has the spelling ''arborius''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|arbor|-eus|t1=tree]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|arbor]] to [[itc-pro|*arþōs]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃rdʰ-ōs|t=height, uprightness]], connecting it with [[m|la|arduus|t=high]]; the original sense would have been “uprightness”, later “upright tree”, although the other languages with this root use a different stem for “high”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who calls fruit ''arborei fētūs'', “the young of the trees”;^(Lewis & Short 1879) the OLD's earliest quotation is from the poet Cornificius, ''frūgibus arboreīs'', “fruits of trees”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its first sense is “of trees”: Ovid speaks of the leaves, roots and shade of trees,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Propertius and Ovid call foliage ''arborea coma'', “the tree's hair”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means “like a tree”: Virgil's stags have ''cornibus arboreīs'', branching antlers, and a huge spear is ''ingēns, arboreum'', like a tree trunk;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Pliny the Elder uses it of plants that grow to the size of a tree, as opposed to shrubby ones.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The land surveyor Siculus Flaccus uses it of wooden tablets.^(OLD 2012) Medieval writers in Britain used it of fruit growing on trees and of the treetops.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of fruit and of branching antlers.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it often of leaves, roots and shade.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of plants the size of a tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or belonging to [[m|en|tree|alt=trees]], tree-.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Resembling a tree; branching; of the size of a tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Made of wood, [[m|en|wooden]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[arbor]]

+ * [[arbustum]]

+ * [[arduus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}