exarmo Latin · revision 33511

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Seneca the Elder|origins=ine-pro *h₂(e)r-mo-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈsar.moː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eɡˈzar.mo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exarmō''' (present infinitive exarmāre, perfect active exarmāvī, supine exarmātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|armō|t1=out of, away|t2=to arm]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb [[m|la|armō]] is derived from [[m|la|arma|t=weapons]], which de Vaan traces to [[ine-pro|*h₂(e)r-mo-|t=fitting]], from the root meaning “to join”: its meaning moved from what is fitted together, or tools, to weapons.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ἁρμόζω|tr=harmózō|t=to fit together]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL dates it from Seneca the Elder,^(TLL) who has it of a ship stripped of its tackle: ''damnātum in exarmātā nāve dīmīsit''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It means to take away weapons, to disarm: Lucan uses it of hands and of the Medes, Tacitus of cohorts.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Calpurnius has it of a snake whose venom has been blunted, and Velleius of the Romans weakened after the Italic war.^(OLD 2012) Applied to a ship, it means to strip it of its rigging.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means to disarm.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * Seneca the Elder – Of a ship stripped of its tackle.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+ * c. 20 BC–30 AD – Velleius, of the Romans weakened by war.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 2nd third of the 1st century AD – Calpurnius, of a snake without its venom.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of disarmed cohorts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To deprive of weapons, [[m|en|disarm]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To deprive (animals) of their natural weapons.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To deprive of military strength, [[m|en|weaken]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(nautical)'' To strip (a ship) of its tackle, [[m|en|dismantle]], unrig.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[armō]]

+ * [[arma]]

+ * [[inermis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}