praesagio Latin · revision 33507

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *sāg-ije/o-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praesāgiō''' (present infinitive praesāgīre, perfect active praesāgīvī or praesāgiī); fourth conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|sāgiō|t1=before|t2=to perceive]],^(Wiktionary) though the OLD derives it from the adjective [[m|la|praesāgus|t=foreboding]].^(OLD 2012) De Vaan points out that the compound is attested earlier than the simple verb, which may be a back-formation from it; since it has no obvious base within Latin, it may continue a Proto-Italic verb, [[itc-pro|*sāg-ije/o-|t=to seek, perceive]], and he tentatively reconstructs [[ine-pro|*seh₂ǵ-i-|t=tracking]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sga|saigid|t=to try to reach]], [[grc|ἡγέομαι|tr=hēgéomai|t=to direct, lead]], [[hit|šāgāi-|t=omen]] and [[en|seek]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008) who also has it as a deponent, ''animus plūs praesāgītur malī'', “my mind forebodes more evil”,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and ''praesāgībat mihi animus frustrā mē īre'', “my mind told me I was going in vain”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to feel something beforehand, to have a presentiment, often with ''animus'' as subject, as in Terence's ''nescioquid mī animus praesāgit malī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero explains that ''sāgīre'' is to perceive keenly, so that one who perceives a thing before it happens is said to ''praesāgīre''.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It then means to give warning of, to portend: in Varro, quoted by Pliny, the moon forebodes a great storm, and in Pliny crowing cocks foretold a victory.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Döderlein contrasts it with ''dīvīnāre'', foreseeing by divine inspiration: ''praesāgīre'' is foreseeing in a natural way, through a mind that borders on the supernatural.^(Döderlein 1874) The perfect is ''praesāgīvī'' or ''praesāgiī'', and Celsus has the syncopated ''praesāgisse''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, also as a deponent.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence, of the mind foreboding evil.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero explains it from ''sāgīre''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder, of signs that foretell events.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To have a [[m|en|foreboding]] or [[m|en|presentiment]] of, to feel beforehand.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To give warning of, [[m|en|forebode]], [[m|en|portend]], [[m|en|presage]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praesāgītiō]]

+ * [[praesāgium]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sāgiō]]

+ * [[sāgus]]

+ * [[sagāx]]

+ * [[praesāgus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}