praescius Latin · revision 33506

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=itc-pro *skije/o-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈprae̯s.ki.ʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈprɛʃ.ʃi.us]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praescius''' (feminine praescia, neuter praescium); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|prae-|sciō|-us|t1=before|t2=to know]];^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary and Köbler analyse it instead with the adjective [[m|la|scius|t=knowing]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan takes [[m|la|sciō]] to be probably a back-formation from [[m|la|nesciō|t=not to know]], and traces it to [[itc-pro|*skije/o-|t=to know]]; if “to know” developed from “to distinguish, decide”, it may belong to [[ine-pro|*skh₁-i(e/o)-|t=to incise]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|σχάω|tr=skháō|t=to make an incision]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who calls a prophetess ''praescia ventūrī'', “foreknowing what is to come”, and speaks of ''praescia corda'', “foreboding hearts”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan prose.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid has ''praescia lingua'', and Valerius Flaccus uses it of the voice of an oracle.^(Lewis & Short 1879) With a genitive it means knowing a thing in advance, and Tacitus has ''facere praescium'', to inform someone beforehand.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL records the spelling ''pre-''.^(TLL) In medieval British Latin it is used of God's foreknowledge, of foreknowledge of one's own death, and also with an infinitive.^(DMLBS) Ecclesiastical Latin gives the senses foreboding and foreknowing.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of a prophetess and of foreboding hearts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid, of a prophetic tongue.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, “to inform in advance”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Having [[m|en|foreknowledge]], [[m|en|prescient]], foreboding.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(with a genitive)'' Knowing beforehand (something).^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[praesciō]]

+ * [[scius]]

+ * [[sciō]]

+ * [[nescius]]

+ * [[cōnscius]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}