radicitus Latin · revision 33504

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ur(e)h₂-d-iH-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rādīcitus''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|rādīx|-itus|t1=root]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|rādīx]] to [[itc-pro|*wrād-ī-]] and [[ine-pro|*ur(e)h₂-d-iH-|t=root]], in which the /d/ was probably a suffix.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[cy|gwraidd|t=roots]], [[br|gwrizienn|t=root]], [[ang|wyrt]], [[non|rót]] and [[sq|rrëzë|t=root]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler date it from Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who uses it figuratively: ''omnia malefacta vostra repperī rādīcitus'', “I have found out all your misdeeds, root and all”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD's earliest literal example is Cato's advice to dig out all the bad weeds by the roots.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Literally it means by the roots, of weeds and plants dug out, a rose bed cut back at the roots in Varro, and a tree torn up in Suetonius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it means utterly, completely: Cicero speaks of tearing desire out by the roots and of removing religion from men's minds.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ecclesiastical Latin keeps both the literal sense and the sense “radically, utterly”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, figuratively, “thoroughly”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato, of weeds dug out by the roots.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of a rose bed cut at the roots.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of desire and religion torn out.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # By the [[m|en|root|alt=roots]], roots and all; at the roots.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(figurative)'' Utterly, completely, [[m|en|radically]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exrādīcitus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rādīx]]

+ * [[rādīcula]]

+ * [[ērādīcō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}