tinnitus Latin · revision 33484

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81/79–52/50 BC, Catullus|origins=la tinniō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [tɪnˈniː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [tinˈniː.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tinnītus''' ''m'' (genitive tinnītūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|tinniō|-tus|t1=to ring, jingle]], an abstract noun of the fourth declension.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The verb [[m|la|tinniō]] is onomatopoeic.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its earliest quotation in Conte is from Catullus, ''tenuēs tinnītūs aere ciēbant'', “they raised shrill ringing from the bronze”;^(Conte 2010) Köbler records it from Ovid.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is the ringing or clanging of metal: Virgil has tinnītūsque ciē et Mātris quate cymbala circum, “raise a ringing and shake the Mother’s cymbals around”, and a helmet that ''strepit adsiduō tinnītū'', “clangs with constant ringing”,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Ovid the ringing of a sword,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Seneca the ringing of bronze.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder used it of a ringing in the ears, for which he lists remedies,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Apuleius has the same sense.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) In the ''Dialogus'' of Tacitus it is the jingle of Gallio's style.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Medieval writers in Britain used it of bells, strings and swords, and Bede and John of Salisbury have ''tinnītus aurium'', “ringing of the ears”.^(DMLBS) English medical writing has used the Latin word since the early 15th century for ringing in the ears.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus has ''tenuēs tinnītūs''.^(Conte 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of cymbals and of a helmet.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a sword.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of ringing in the ears.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a jingling style.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – Bede has ''tinnītus aurium''.^(DMLBS)

+ * early 15th century – Used in English medical writing as [[m|en|tinnitus]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|ringing]], [[m|en|clanging]], [[m|en|jingling]] or similar sound.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A ringing sensation in the ears.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(DMLBS)

+ # (of style) A jingle of words.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[tinniō]]

+ * [[tinnulus]]

+ * [[tintinnābulum]]

+ * [[en|tinnitus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}