catinus Latin · revision 33480

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=borrowing|attested=234–149 BC, Cato}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kaˈtiː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kaˈtiː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''catīnus''' ''m'' (genitive catīnī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also neuter ''catīnum'', clearly so only in Cato.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The origin is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(TLL) De Vaan reconstructs [[itc-pro|*katīno-]] and notes that it has been connected with [[grc|κοτύλη|tr=kotúlē|t=bowl, dish]]; since the Greek word is not an exact match and names of vessels are often borrowed, he thinks it best to take it as a loanword.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD compares the Greek word and [[ang|heden]],^(OLD 2012) and Varro connected it with a Sicilian word [[m|grc|κάτινον|tr=kátinon]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found first in Cato,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has the neuter: ''catīnum fictile oleō unguitō'', “grease an earthenware bowl with oil”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a deep bowl or dish for serving or cooking food,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) used by Lucilius, Varro and Horace, who has it several times in the ''Satires'', and later by Persius and Juvenal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Things of a similar shape took the name: the chamber of a force pump in Vitruvius,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) a crucible for smelting and a natural hollow in rocks in Pliny the Elder,^(OLD 2012) and a censer in Suetonius.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Medieval Latin kept it as a dish or bowl: Lanfranc's monastic constitutions have monks washing their feet in bowls, and Bartholomaeus Anglicus says that it is better used as a neuter than as a masculine.^(DMLBS) De Vaan lists its diminutive [[m|la|catīllus]], also from Cato.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses the neuter.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it.^(OLD 2012)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it in the ''Satires''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of part of a pump.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a crucible.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius uses it of a censer.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A large [[m|en|bowl]] or [[m|en|dish]], for serving or cooking food.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The main chamber of a type of force [[m|en|pump]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A [[m|en|crucible]] used in smelting.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A natural hollow in rocks.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A [[m|en|censer]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[catīllus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}