latibulum Latin · revision 33479

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *lh₂-to-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɫaˈtɪ.bʊ.ɫũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [laˈtiː.bu.lum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''latibulum''' ''n'' (genitive latibulī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|lateō|-bulum|t1=to lie hidden]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) beside [[m|la|latebra]] from the same verb.^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains [[m|la|lateō]] as a stative verb made from an adjective ⟨*latos⟩ “hidden”, going back to [[itc-pro|*latē-]] and [[ine-pro|*lh₂-to-|t=hidden]], and compares [[grc|λανθάνω|tr=lanthánō|t=to be hidden]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and the TLL record it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL) who uses it of hiding places of men and of the lairs of animals: ''cum etiam ferae latibulīs sē tegant'', “since even wild beasts hide in their lairs”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a hiding place, and especially the lair or hole of a wild creature:^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Cicero tells an opponent that he came out ''tamquam serpēns ē latibulīs'', “like a snake from its holes”,^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) and Catullus writes of the dens of wild beasts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL) Phaedrus, Curtius and Seneca use it too.^(OLD 2012) Apuleius extended it to a means of concealment.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein distinguishes it from [[m|la|latebra]], a retired place where one can stay hidden: a ''latibulum'' is a hole into which one creeps like an animal.^(Döderlein 1874) In Christian Latin Ambrose repeats a passage of Cicero on animals that provide themselves with lairs,^(TLL) and Ecclesiastical Latin keeps the senses “covert, hiding place”.^(Stelten 1995) A medieval writer in Britain says that Elijah, fearing threats, went to the hiding places of the desert.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of hiding places and lairs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)^(TLL)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus uses it of the dens of beasts.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+ * c. 15 BC–c. 50 AD – Phaedrus uses it.^(OLD 2012)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of a means of concealment.^(OLD 2012)

+ * Late Latin – Ambrose repeats Cicero's phrase.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|hiding place]], [[m|en|refuge]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|lair]], [[m|en|den]] or hole of a wild animal.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # (transferred) A means of [[m|en|concealment]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[latibulō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lateō]]

+ * [[latebra]]

+ * [[latitō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}