rusticitas Latin · revision 33461

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=43 BC–18 AD, Ovid|origins=la rūs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ruːsˈtɪ.kɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [rusˈtiː.t͡ʃi.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''rūsticitās''' ''f'' (genitive rūsticitātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|rūsticus|-tās|t1=of the country, rustic]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|rūsticus]] from [[itc-pro|*rowes-tiko-]], an adjective made from the noun that became [[m|la|rūs|t=the country, farmland]]; that noun goes back to [[ine-pro|*Hreu-os|t=open space, field]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis & Short note that it is not found before the Augustan age,^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Köbler records it first in Ovid,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it of old-fashioned awkwardness: ''nec nostros mansit in annos rusticitas'', “that rusticity has not lasted into our times”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It names the quality of the country and of country people, set against ''urbānitās'', the manners of the city.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) In a bad sense, which Lewis & Short call the more frequent, it is boorishness or uncouth behaviour, in Seneca, Martial and Suetonius,^(OLD 2012) and lack of refinement, in Ovid and Seneca's letters;^(OLD 2012) Quintilian uses it of a provincial accent or a rustic way of speaking.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) In a good sense it is old-fashioned simplicity: Pliny the Elder calls Marcus Agrippa a man closer to ''rūsticitās'' than to luxury,^(OLD 2012) and Pliny the Younger praises a part of Italy that still keeps much of its ancient modesty, frugality and rusticity.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) The jurists use it of a countryman's inexperience in legal matters.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Palladius has it of husbandry, and later texts of country people collectively.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) In Medieval Latin it is above all rustic ignorance and inelegance of speech or writing: Aldhelm uses it of faults of verse, and Boniface asks his correspondent to correct the ''rūsticitās'' of his letter.^(DMLBS) Wiktionary also gives the medieval sense “lack of education, stupidity”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of old-fashioned awkwardness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 2nd third of the 1st century AD – Calpurnius Siculus uses it of his country birth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian opposes it to ''urbānitās'' and uses it of rustic speech.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius records someone accused of ''rūsticitās''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * before 223 AD – Ulpian uses it of inexperience in legal matters.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * end of the 4th or beginning of the 5th century AD – Palladius uses it of husbandry and of country people.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 639–709 AD – Aldhelm uses it of faults in verse.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The state of being [[m|en|country]]-born; [[m|en|rustic]] quality, provinciality, especially of accent or language.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # [[m|en|boorishness|alt=Boorishness]], uncouth manners.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Lack of sophistication, [[m|en|awkwardness]]; without a bad sense, rustic [[m|en|simplicity]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Rustic inexperience of practical and legal matters.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' [[m|en|husbandry|alt=Husbandry]]; country people.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Rustic ignorance or inelegance of speech or writing; [[m|en|uncouthness]].^(DMLBS)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rūsticus]]

+ * [[rūs]]

+ * [[urbānitās]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}