tamdiu Latin · revision 33437

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la tam, la diū}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈtan.di.uː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈtan.di.u]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tamdiū''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also written separately, ''tam diū''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010)

+ The spelling ''tandiū'' is less correct.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|tam|diū|t1=so|t2=long]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan derives [[m|la|tam]] from [[itc-pro|*tām|t=so]] and [[ine-pro|*teh₂m]], and [[m|la|diū]] from the old locative of the word for “day”, [[ine-pro|*di-eu-|t=day, sky]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it in questions about a delay: ''quid illic tam diū restitistī?'', “why did you stay there so long?”^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means “so long, for so long a time”, often with the comparison left unstated, as in Plautus and Terence.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Cicero uses it as the antecedent of a temporal clause, ''tam diū … quam diū'' “as long as”, and with ''quoad'', ''dum'', ''quam'' or ''donec'':^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) ''ego tam diū requiēscō quam diū aut ad tē scrībō aut tuās litterās legō'', “I rest only as long as I am writing to you or reading your letters”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) With ''ut'' it means “so long that”,^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Conte 2010) and Palladius has ''tamdiū … ut'' in the sense “until”.^(Georges 1913) It can also mean “for such a long time now”, as in Tacitus' remark that Germany has been conquered for so long.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Ecclesiastical Latin keeps ''tamdiū … quamdiū'' for “until such time as”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it in questions about long delays.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it with ''quam diū'', ''quoad'' and ''dum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus has ''tam diū Germānia vincitur''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # So [[m|en|long]], for so long a time.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+ # With ''quam diū'', ''quoad'', ''dum'', ''quam'' or ''donec'': as long as, until.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # For such a long time now; so very long.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[quamdiū]]

+ * [[tam]]

+ * [[diū]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Lewis & Short note that both clauses of ''tam diū … quam diū'' take the same tense, and in past time the perfect indicative.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}