concinnus Latin · revision 33436

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔŋˈkɪn.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [kon̠ʲˈt͡ʃin.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''concinnus''' (feminine concinna, neuter concinnum, comparative concinnior, adverb concinnē); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD suggests it may be a back-formation from [[m|la|concinnō|t=to put in order, make ready]];^(OLD 2012) Leumann thought it was formed back from the participle ⟨concinnātus⟩.^(de Vaan 2008) Nonius derived it from [[m|la|cinnus|t=a mixed drink]], as Walde and Hofmann did, but de Vaan objects that this word is rare and late.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) De Vaan himself finds a connection with [[m|la|caedō|t=to strike]] quite possible, from [[itc-pro|*kom-kid-no-]] “struck, arranged”.^(de Vaan 2008) Haug proposed instead a root [[ine-pro|*ḱeid-|t=to set in motion]], a variant of [[ine-pro|*ḱeih₂-|t=to start to move]], which de Vaan calls attractive in form.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found first in Plautus,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has ''age age, ut tibi maxumē concinnumst'', “go on, just as it best suits you”,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and says of a girl ''sat edepol concinnast faciē'', “she is pretty enough in the face”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Plautus it means pleasing, suitable or pretty.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) In Classical Latin it is something neatly put together or well arranged, such as plasterwork in a letter of Cicero,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and above all a word of style: the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' and Cicero use it of elegant, well-balanced phrasing and sentences,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and Cicero also applies it to speakers and writers, as when he calls the philosopher Aristo ''concinnus et elegāns''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) Pliny the Elder uses it of a painter's pleasing manner.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) With a dative it means suited to or accommodating towards someone, as in Lucretius and in Horace's ''concinnus amīcīs''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Horace also calls the island of Samos ''concinna'', “pretty”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of what is pleasing and of a pretty girl.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius has the comparative with a dative.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it often of elegant style.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it of verses, conversation and Samos.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a painter.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Set in order, neatly arranged or made, well [[m|en|blend|alt=blended]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Of style, [[m|en|neat]], [[m|en|elegant]], polished; of speakers, writers and artists, elegant, pleasing in manner.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # [[m|en|pleasing|alt=Pleasing]], agreeable;^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) ''concinnum est'', it suits, it is convenient.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # Of persons, [[m|en|pretty]]; of places and things, attractive.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # With a dative, suited to, accommodating towards.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[concinnitās]]

+ * [[concinnitūdō]]

+ * [[disconcinnus]]

+ * [[inconcinnus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[caedō]]

+ * [[cieō]]

+ * [[concinnō]]

+ * [[cinnus]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ The adverb is ''concinnē'', used by Plautus and Cicero;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Gellius has ''concinniter''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}