cicada Latin · revision 33429

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=onomatopoeia|attested=1st century BC, Novius}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɪˈkaː.da]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [t͡ʃiˈkaː.da]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cicāda''' ''f'' (genitive cicādae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Glossaries also have ''cicala'' and ''cicas''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan considers it probably an onomatopoeic word with reduplication, like [[m|la|cicōnia|t=stork]], a bird also known for its clattering sound; it may, but need not, be a loanword.^(de Vaan 2008) Köbler, Wiktionary and Etymonline take it as a loan from a Mediterranean language,^(Köbler 2010)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) and Georges calls it onomatopoeic.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler and Georges record it first in the comic poet Novius, who has ''tōtum diem argūtātur quasi cicāda'', “chatters all day long like a cicada”;^(Köbler 2010)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) de Vaan gives Lucretius as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the name of the insect, described by Pliny the Elder^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and used by Lucretius and Virgil.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In Ovid and Juvenal it stands for summer, as in Juvenal's ''exspectāte cicādās''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) The ''Ciris'' and Tertullian use it of a hair ornament shaped like a cicada.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Medieval glossaries render it with Old English words for the cricket and the grasshopper,^(DMLBS)^(TLL) and it survives in [[it|cicala]].^(Conte 2010) English took ''cicada'' in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1st century BC – Novius compares a chatterer to a cicada.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it in the ''Eclogues'' and ''Georgics''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder describes the insect.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 160–220 AD – Tertullian mentions a cicada-shaped ornament.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – Borrowed into English as [[m|en|cicada]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|cicada]], tree-[[m|en|cricket]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # An ornament for the hair in the shape of a cicada.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A cricket or [[m|en|grasshopper]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cicōnia]]

+ * [[en|cicada]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}