appetitio Latin · revision 33420

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=86/82 BC, Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la petō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ap.pɛˈtiː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ap.peˈtit.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''appetītiō''' ''f'' (genitive appetītiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Also spelled ''adpetītiō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|appetō|-tiō|t1=to reach after, desire eagerly]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) That verb is formed from [[m|la|ad|t=to, towards]] and [[m|la|petō|t=to make for, seek]],^(Wiktionary) which de Vaan traces to a root meaning “to fly”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'',^(Köbler 2010) which defines courage as ''rērum magnārum adpetītiō'', “the seeking of great things”, set against contempt for lowly things.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The TLL notes that among the authors with full indexes it appears only in the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', Cicero and Seneca's letters.^(TLL) Cicero uses it once in its literal sense, of a man in a dream trying three times to grasp the sun,^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) and otherwise as a philosophical term: it renders [[grc|ὁρμή|tr=hormḗ|t=impulse]], the impulse that moves us to act,^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) and is set against ''dēclīnātiō'', aversion;^(Georges 1913) he also uses it of a rational, chosen desire.^(Conte 2010) With a genitive it is the desire for something, as Cicero's ''appetītiō prīncipātūs'', “the craving to be first”, and Seneca's ''appetītiō societātis'', the desire for company.^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010)^(TLL) Gellius uses it of the appetite for food.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) In Ecclesiastical Latin it means grasping, inclination, appetite and desire,^(Stelten 1995) and the British writer Adam Marsh uses it of the gratification of worldly desires.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' defines courage as the seeking of great things.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for the Greek ''hormḗ'', the impulse to act.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it in his letters.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius uses it of the appetite for food.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A reaching or grasping after something.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A natural or [[m|en|instinctive]] desire, [[m|en|impulse]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) ''(philosophy)'' the impulse to act, Greek ''hormḗ''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A voluntary or rational desire, a deliberate aiming at something.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+ # A desire for something; the [[m|en|appetite]] for food.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[appetēns]]

+ * [[appetenter]]

+ * [[appetentia]]

+ * [[appetibilis]]

+ * [[appetissō]]

+ * [[appetītīvus]]

+ * [[appetītus]]

+ * [[appetō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}