gestamen Latin · revision 33419

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=70–19 BC, Virgil|origins=la gerō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɡɛsˈtaː.mɛn]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [d͡ʒesˈtaː.men]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''gestāmen''' ''n'' (genitive gestāminis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|gestō|-men|t1=to carry, wear]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) a verb formed from [[m|la|gerō|t=to carry]].^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan traces that verb to [[itc-pro|*ges-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂ǵ-es-|t=to carry]], connecting it with the root of [[m|la|agō]], a derivation that has been widely accepted since the laryngeal theory.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found first in Virgil,^(Köbler 2010) who writes of a shield, ''magnī gestāmen Abantis'', “once borne by great Abas”,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) and ''hoc Priamī gestāmen erat'', “this was what Priam wore”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a poetic and post-Augustan word^(Lewis & Short 1879) for anything worn or carried: arms and ornaments,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) pearls in Pliny the Elder,^(Georges 1913) and ornaments of the table in Statius.^(OLD 2012) It is also a load or burden: Seneca writes that Aeneas, as a child, had been a light and safe burden for Anchises,^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010) and Apuleius uses it of a donkey's load.^(Georges 1913) In the other direction it is a means of carrying, a conveyance: Tacitus has ''gestāmine sellae'', “in a sedan chair”,^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913) and Valerius Flaccus a pole that carries someone.^(OLD 2012) Medieval Latin used it for a suit of clothes,^(Niermeyer 1976) a weapon or club, and the action of carrying.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a shield and of what Priam wore.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of a burden.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of pearls.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a sedan chair.^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Medieval Latin – It means a suit of clothes.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Something worn or carried on the body, such as [[m|en|arms]] or an [[m|en|ornament]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # An ornament (of a thing).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|load]], [[m|en|burden]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # A means of carrying; a [[m|en|conveyance]], a [[m|en|litter]].^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A suit of clothes; a weapon, club.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[gestō]]

+ * [[gerō]]

+ * [[gestātiō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}