inumbro Latin · revision 33414

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=96–55 BC, Lucretius|origins=la umbra}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪˈnʊm.broː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iˈnum.bro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''inumbrō''' (present infinitive inumbrāre, perfect active inumbrāvī, supine inumbrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|umbrō|t1=on|t2=to shade]],^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) which the TLL derives from ⟨in⟩ and [[m|la|umbra|t=shade, shadow]].^(TLL) De Vaan notes that [[m|la|umbra]] is generally connected with [[lt|ùnksna|t=shade]] and reconstructed as a form with /nksr/, a cluster found in no other word; he finds no root etymology for it.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It first appears in Lucretius,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) who describes men who hold their cups and shade their faces with garlands: ''inumbrant ora coronis''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Lewis & Short call it mostly poetic and post-Augustan.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius also has the earth put in shadow, Virgil a couch shaded with a covering of leaves, and Pliny the Elder the forum shaded with awnings.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Tacitus uses it of evening coming on, ''inumbrante vespera'', and Apuleius and Claudian of covering.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Varro has it, in an older technical sense, of marking out the shadows of a sundial.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to put in the shade: Pliny the Younger writes that the dignity of the legates is overshadowed by the coming of the commander.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the Digest the participle means apparent.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius, of shading faces with garlands.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of marking out a sundial.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of a couch shaded with leaves.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus, of evening coming on.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To cast a [[m|en|shadow]] on, [[m|en|shade]]; to darken; to cover.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To mark out the shadows of (a sundial).^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To [[m|en|overshadow]], put in the shade, obscure.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[inumbratio]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[umbra]]

+ * [[umbrāculum]]

+ * [[opācō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}