resigno Latin · revision 33400

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *sek(h₂)-no-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛˈsɪŋ.noː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [reˈs̬iɲ.ɲo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''resignō''' (present infinitive resignāre, perfect active resignāvī, supine resignātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|sīgnō|t2=to mark, seal]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives that verb from [[m|la|sīgnum|t=mark, sign]], which he traces to [[itc-pro|*sekno-|t=statue, sign]] and [[ine-pro|*sek(h₂)-no-|t=cut]], a word for “something cut out, carved” from the root of [[m|la|secō|t=to cut]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[osc|segúnú|t=statues]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found first in Plautus, of letters that were sealed and then opened at the customs house: ''opsignatas … apud portitorem eas resignatas sibi inspectasque esse'', “that the sealed letters had been unsealed and inspected at the customs officer's”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The basic sense was to break a seal: of letters (Cicero), wills (Horace) or a box holding the keys of a wine cellar (Pliny the Elder).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From this it came to mean undoing the binding force of a document or agreement: Cicero speaks of the carelessness of Gabinius destroying all trust in the records, and Silius Italicus has ''pacta resigna'', “break the compact”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Poets used it for opening the eyes or lips (Virgil's Mercury opens the eyes of the dead) and for disclosing what is hidden, as Ovid's ''venientia fata resigna'', “reveal the coming fates”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) A second, older use belonged to bookkeeping: in Cato it seems to mean entering a sum as a debt, and Festus explains that the ancients said ''resignare'' for ''rescribere'', and that a soldier's pay was “resigned” when it was recorded as forfeit for an offence.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Hence Horace's ''resigno quae dedit'', “I give back what Fortune gave”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Ecclesiastical and later Latin it also means to resign or give up,^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary) and Etymonline traces English [[m|en|resign]] to it through Old French ''resigner''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of unsealing letters.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it in an accounting sense.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil, of opening the eyes.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace, “give back, resign” what Fortune gave.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English borrows it, through Old French, as [[m|en|resign]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|unseal]], break the seal of; to remove the binding force of, [[m|en|annul]] (an agreement, a record).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To open (the eyes, the lips).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To disclose, [[m|en|reveal]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To enter (a sum) as a debt; to record (a soldier's pay) as forfeit.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To give back, hand over, [[m|en|resign]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To give up, resign.^(Stelten 1995)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[resignaculum]]

+ * [[resignatrix]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sīgnum]]

+ * [[sīgnō]]

+ * [[obsīgnō]]

+ * [[en|resign]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}