centumviralis Latin · revision 33390

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la centumvir}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɛn.tʊm.wɪˈraː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [t͡ʃen.tum.viˈraː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''centumvirālis''' (neuter centumvirāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ The OLD notes an abbreviated spelling in Cicero's ''Pro Caecina''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|centumvir|-ālis]], from the name of the ⟨centumvirī⟩, a Roman court for civil cases such as inheritance suits.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) That noun is made of [[m|la|centum|t=hundred]] and [[m|la|vir|t=man]], which de Vaan traces to [[ine-pro|*dḱmtom|t=hundred]] and [[ine-pro|*uiH-ró-|t=man]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler records it first in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who speaks of a centumviral trial and of boasting of oneself in centumviral cases.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means belonging to the centumviri or their jurisdiction: Varro writes that one says a centumviral court is at Rome, and Valerius Maximus, the elder Seneca, Quintilian, Tacitus and Suetonius use it of their trials.^(OLD 2012) Paulus' epitome of Festus explains that these trials are named after the centumviri.^(TLL) Suetonius has ''centumviralis hasta'', the spear that stood for their court,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and Gaius notes that a spear was set up at centumviral trials.^(OLD 2012) Used as a noun, it is a case before the centumviri: Quintilian speaks of the divisions of the court into two “spears”, and Pliny the Younger of the praetor who presides over centumviral cases.^(OLD 2012) Fronto uses it of a subject for declamation.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of centumviral trials and cases.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro, of the court at Rome.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian, as a noun for such a case.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 75–c. 150 AD – Suetonius, ''centumvirālis hasta''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of or belonging to the ''[[centumvir|alt=centumvirī]]'', a Roman [[m|en|court]] for civil cases, or their jurisdiction: ''iūdicium centumvirāle'', a centumviral trial;^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) ''causa centumvirālis'', a case tried by them.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(as a noun, with causa understood)'' A case before the centumviri.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[centumvir]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}