euge Latin · revision 33381

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=grc εὖγε}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɛu̯.ɡɛ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛːu̯.d͡ʒe]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''euge''' (interjection)^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Plautus and Terence often lengthen the final syllable, and some manuscripts and editions spell it ''eugae''.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Medieval manuscripts also have ''ewge''.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|εὖγε|tr=eûge|t=well done!]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) The Greek word combines [[m|grc|εὖ|tr=eû|t=well]] with the particle [[m|grc|γε|tr=ge]].^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus on and is frequent in Plautus and Terence.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the ''Rudens'' ''euge, euge, perbene'', “bravo, bravo, very good”, greets a wave that turns a boat away from the rock towards the shore.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It expresses delight, pleasant surprise or applause, “good! fine! bravo!”,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) and is often ironic, as ''euge, optime'' in Plautus and Terence.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Persius and Martial use it as an indeclinable neuter noun, a cry of “bravo”: ''euge tuum et belle'', your “bravo” and “lovely”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) The Vulgate has it in the Psalms and in Matthew, where ''euge'', well done, is said to the good servant;^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913) medieval writers echo that phrase, and the MLW records both the plain and the ironic use.^(MLW) In Britain Aldhelm writes ''euax eugeque'', and the word was used as a noun for approval.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it often, plainly and ironically.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 34–62 AD – Persius uses it as a noun.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 390–406 AD – The Vulgate has it in the Psalms and Matthew.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 639–709 AD – Aldhelm uses it in a letter.^(DMLBS)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Interjection===

+ # Well done! good! [[m|en|bravo]]! (expressing delight or approval).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(ironic)'' Fine! excellent!^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(MLW)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''(indeclinable)'' A cry of “bravo”, [[m|en|applause]], approval.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[eugepae]]

+ * [[papae]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Plautus also has the stronger ''eugepae'', which Lewis & Short explain as ''euge'' combined with ''papae''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}