helluo Latin · revision 33379

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈhɛl.lu.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɛl.lu.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''helluō''' ''m'' (genitive helluōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ De Vaan notes that the oldest texts have ''hell-''.^(de Vaan 2008)

+ The spelling ''hēluō'' is found in Varro's Menippean satires and in Paulus' epitome of Festus.^(OLD 2012)^(Conte 2010)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Although it is attested earlier, it is probably [[der|la|helluor|t=to spend immoderately on food and luxuries]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan thinks that verb implies an older noun or adjective such as [[m|la|*helluus]] or [[m|la|*hellua]] “luxury, spendthrift”, from a preform [[itc-pro|*χelsVwo-]] which has no convincing etymology.^(de Vaan 2008) He rejects Walde and Hofmann's derivation from [[m|la|ēluō|t=to wash out]], since the initial /h/ seems original, and doubts Knobloch's comparison with [[xum|felsva|t=banquet, ceremonial meal]], because Umbrian /f/ does not normally continue /gʰ/.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler record it from Terence,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has ''fraus, helluo, ganeo'', “cheat, glutton, wastrel”, in the ''Heauton Timorumenos''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)^(Conte 2010) Georges also cites the comic poet Turpilius.^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a person who spends immoderately on eating and pleasures, a glutton and squanderer.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In the speech against Piso Cicero has ''gurges atque helluo, natus abdomini suo'', a whirlpool and a glutton, born for his belly, and with a genitive ''helluo patriae'', a devourer of his country.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Conte 2010) Gellius uses it as well.^(Georges 1913) Medieval writers use it for a glutton, a debauchee or a worthless fellow, and once perhaps for a villain, by confusion with ''fello'';^(MLW) in Britain Osbern of Gloucester lists it among words for gluttons.^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence, of a spendthrift son.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of a glutton and of a devourer of his country.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 165 AD – Gellius.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|glutton]], gormandizer.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(DMLBS)

+ # A [[m|en|squanderer]], [[m|en|spendthrift]]; one who spends immoderately on food and luxuries.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(with genitive)'' A devourer, squanderer (of a country or an inheritance).^(Conte 2010)^(Georges 1913)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|debauchee]], worthless fellow.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[helluor]]

+ * [[helluātiō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Paulus' epitome of Festus derives it from washing out (''eluendo'') one's goods, with the aspirate added to stress the greed.^(TLL) Wiktionary lists the phrase ''helluō librōrum'', a devourer of books.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}