sentina Latin · revision 33352

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=ine-pro *semH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sɛnˈtiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [senˈtiː.na]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sentīna''' ''f'' (genitive sentīnae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably [[inh|itc-pro|*sem-t-]], from [[ine-pro|*semH-|t=to scoop]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan sees no formal or semantic obstacle to the connection, but notes that without other Latin words from the root it remains a root etymology.^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD instead compares, with a “perhaps”, [[grc|ἄντλος|tr=ántlos]].^(OLD 2012) Cognate with [[sga|do·essim|t=to pour out]], [[wlm|gwehynnu|t=to pour out, empty]], [[obt|douohinnom|t=to scoop]] and [[lt|sémti|t=to scoop]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Cicero on;^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) in ''On Old Age'' he pictures a ship where some climb the masts, some run along the gangways and others bale out the bilge-water: ''alii sentinam exhauriant''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the foul water that collects in the bottom of a ship, and the bilge itself.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Caesar has it too, and Seneca a ship that lets in bilge-water;^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pliny the Elder says that fish flee the smell of ships' bilge.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is the dregs or scum of society: Cicero speaks of the state ridding itself of “this bilge of the city”, and Sallust says that all who were driven from home by their crimes had flowed into Rome as into a bilge.^(OLD 2012) In Church Latin it is also the hold of a ship and refuse.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of bilge-water and of the dregs of the city.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust, of Rome as a bilge for criminals.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|bilge|alt=Bilge]]-water; the bilge or hold of a ship.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(figurative)'' The dregs, scum or [[m|en|rabble]] of society.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sentīnō]]

+ * [[sentīnōsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[persillum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}