sordeo Latin · revision 33332

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *suord-o/i-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsɔr.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɔr.de.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sordeō''' (present infinitive sordēre, perfect active sorduī); second conjugation, no passive, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|sordēs|-eō|t1=dirt]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|sordēs]] to [[itc-pro|*swordi-|t=dirt]] and [[ine-pro|*suord-o/i-]], comparing [[goh|swarz|t=black]]; it has no further Indo-European etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its first author is Plautus,^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) whose ''Truculentus'' has someone asked whether he has bathed reply: ''num tibi sordere videor?'', “do I look dirty to you?”^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its literal sense is to be dirty or soiled, as in Accius, of a hand spattered with a mother's blood, and Seneca, who says a toga should not shine but should not be dirty either.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lewis & Short call it rare and note that Cicero does not use it.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to seem mean or unworthy, not good enough, as in Plautus' ''Poenulus'', where the feast day and the goddess's temple did not seem unworthy;^(OLD 2012) Statius uses it of words that seem poor.^(OLD 2012) It also means to be mean or base in spirit, as in Manilius.^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary adds the sense to be despised or held of no account.^(Wiktionary) In Church Latin it is to be dirty, foul or filthy.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of being dirty and of seeming unworthy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius, of a blood-spattered hand.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca, of a toga.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 45–96 AD – Statius, of poor words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|dirty]], soiled, filthy.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To seem mean, unworthy, not good enough; to be despised.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be mean or [[m|en|base]] in spirit.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sordicula]]

+ * [[sordidātus]]

+ * [[sordidē]]

+ * [[sordidō]]

+ * [[sordidulus]]

+ * [[sorditiēs]]

+ * [[sorditūdō]]

+ * [[sordulentus]]

+ * [[sordēs]]

+ * [[sordidus]]

+ * [[sordēscō]]

+ * [[squāleō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}