exsorbeo Latin · revision 33321

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *srobh-eie-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛksˈsɔr.be.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eksˈsɔr.be.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exsorbeō''' (present infinitive exsorbēre, perfect active exsorbuī, supine exsorptum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''exorbeō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+ Seneca has the perfect ''exsorpsī'', and the TLL notes a rare third-conjugation form ''exsorbō''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|ex-|sorbeō|t2=to suck, swallow]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|sorbeō]] to [[itc-pro|*sorfeie-]] and [[ine-pro|*srobh-eie-|t=to take various sips, slurp]], with an imitative ablaut.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|ῥοφέω|tr=rhophéō|t=to slurp, gulp]], [[hit|šarāp-|t=to sip]] and [[lt|sur̃bti|t=to suck]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Its earliest citation in the OLD is Plautus' ''Bacchides'', where a character threatens that unless two hundred gold coins are returned he will suck the life out of both: ''animam amborum exsorbebo''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to swallow or gulp down, as Celsus' draught of neat wine with pepper,^(OLD 2012) and, of things, to soak up liquids, as a garment in Cicero that soaked up all the blood.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to swallow up wealth or to swallow insults:^(OLD 2012) Cicero tells Antony that he had not merely tasted citizens' blood but drunk it up.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to drain the juice from something, as the screech-owls in Ovid that suck children's breasts.^(OLD 2012) Pliny the Elder uses it of sucking out eggs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of sucking the life out of someone.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, of a garment soaking up blood.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid, of screech-owls sucking at children.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus, of gulping down wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|swallow]], gulp down, suck up.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of things: to soak up, [[m|en|absorb]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To swallow up (wealth); to swallow (insults); to [[m|en|exhaust]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To drain the juice from, suck out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[absorbeō]]

+ * [[dēsorbeō]]

+ * [[obsorbeō]]

+ * [[persorbeō]]

+ * [[resorbeō]]

+ * [[sorbeō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}