insciens Latin · revision 33315

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *skh₁-i(e/o)-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈĩː.ski.ẽːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈin̠ʲ.ʃi.ens]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsciēns''' (genitive īnscientis); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ A comparative appears only as a variant reading.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|in-|t=not]] and [[m|la|sciēns]], the present participle of [[m|la|sciō|t=to know]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan traces [[m|la|sciō]] to [[itc-pro|*skije/o-|t=to know]] and [[ine-pro|*skh₁-i(e/o)-|t=to incise]].^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[grc|σχάω|tr=skháō|t=to slit open]].^(de Vaan 2008) The grammarian Sacerdos cites it as a participle that has become an adjective, since there is no verb ⟨*insciō⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is first found in Plautus, ''peccavi insciens'', “I erred unknowingly”;^(OLD 2012) the ''Captivi'' says that a man often does more good unknowing than knowing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means not knowing, in ignorance, unaware,^(OLD 2012) and is often used where English would have an adverb, unknowingly:^(Wiktionary) Terence has “if I did wrong, I did it unknowing”.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The ablative absolute ''mē īnsciente'' is “without my knowledge”, as in Plautus and in Cicero's letters.^(Lewis & Short 1879) It also means ignorant or stupid, as in Terence's “go away, you fool”, ''abi sis, insciens''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus, of erring unknowingly.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence, “unknowing” and “fool”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero, ''mē īnsciente''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Not knowing, [[m|en|unaware]], [[m|en|unknowing]];^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) as an adverb, unknowingly.^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|ignorant|alt=Ignorant]], [[m|en|stupid]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnscientia]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[īnscienter]]

+ * [[sciēns]]

+ * [[sciō]]

+ * [[īnscius]]

+ * [[nesciēns]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}